July 1601 – September 1604 · Flanders coast Theater
July 1601 – September 1604
The siege lasted three years and two months, making it one of the longest and costliest sieges of its era. Dutch forces could be reinforced by sea, and both sides repeatedly rebuilt earthworks as positions changed hands. The often-repeated claim that 100,000 died is a disputed aggregate rather than a count.
Commanders