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September 1–27, 1939 · Eastern Europe Theater
Phases
September 1–7, 1939
At 4:45 AM the old battleship Schleswig-Holstein opens fire on the Polish depot at Westerplatte, and five German armies cross the frontier from three directions — Pomerania, East Prussia, Silesia, and Slovakia. The Luftwaffe strikes airfields, railways, and the open town of Wieluń in the war’s first terror bombing. The world learns a new word: Blitzkrieg.
The numbers
Allied Powers
Engaged
950,000
Casualties
25,000
Poland’s army — brave, large, and deployed too far forward
Axis Powers
Engaged
1,500,000
Casualties
10,000
Five armies, 2,750 tanks, and the Luftwaffe overhead
Casualties are cumulative from the start of the battle.
Commanders